Table 8 Results of the paired t-tests showing the mean difference between baseline and follow-up in the single-arm trial are presented below

EQ5D Descriptive Score (− 1–1)

7

0.55 (0.40)

0.62 (0.33)

0.07 (.23)

 − 0.13; 0.28

EQ5D VAS (0–100)

8

60.00 (27.26)

71.00 (24.69)

11.00 (11.81)

1.13; 20.87

Stoma-QOL now (0–100)

8

65.63 (32.12)

65.00 (30.36)

 − 0.63 (11.16)

 − 9.96; 8.71

Stoma-QOL past month (0–100)

8

61.88 (32.84)

63.75 (29.97)

1.88 (11.00)

 − 7.32; 11.07

Stoma-QOL work/social function (0–100)

5

59.17 (28.78)

67.50 (23.46)

8.33 (13.50)

 − 8.43; 25.10

Stoma-QOL sexuality/body image (0–100)

5

70.00 (23.72)

65.00 (21.51)

 − 5.00 (7.07)

 − 13.78; 3.78

Stoma-QOL stoma function (0–100)

8

68.23 (26.06)

65.63 (17.64)

 − 2.60 (13.90)

 − 14.22; 9.02

Stoma-QOL financial concerns (0–100)

8

84.38 (35.20)

100.00 (0)

15.63 (35.20)

 − 13.80; 45.05

Stoma-QOL skin irritation (0–100)

8

65.63 (18.60)

59.38 (29.69)

 − 6.25 (17.68)

 − 21.03; 8.53

Body Image Scale (0–30)

8

12.63 (10.56)

13.88 (9.00)

1.25 (3.28)

 − 1.50; 4.00

Self-efficacy (1–10)

8

6.41 (3.32)

7.63 (2.57)

1.22 (1.47)

 − 0.01; 2.45

Patient-Specific Functional Scale (0–10)

7

2.53 (1.87)

3.88 (2.61)

1.35 (1.31)

0.14; 2.56

Physical activity

8

244.38 (233.72)

179.00 (165.27)

 − 65.38 (173.90)

 − 210.76; 80.01

Ability to manage hernia

8

5.25 (2.87)

6.13 (3.72)

0.88 (1.55)

 − 0.42; 2.17

Body image in relation to bulge/hernia

8

2.75 (3.45)

3.00 (3.34)

0.25 (1.49)

 − 0.99; 1.49