Inclusion criteria |
Diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral lower-limb OA based on the NICE guidelines: [1] males or females ≥ 45 years old as follows: |
• Morning joint-related stiffness lasting ≤ 30 min or no morning joint-related stiffness |
• Activity-related joint pain |
Exclusion criteria |
 • A further joint-related pathology that could affect the biomechanics of the hip or knee, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis or lumbar nerve root lesion |
 • Previously had or awaiting knee or hip joint replacement |
 • Wheelchair dependent |
 • Unwilling/unable to give informed consent for treatment |
 • Unable to communicate fluently in English |
 • Diagnosed with a psychiatric illness (e.g. schizophrenia) |
 • Diagnosed with an upper motor neuron lesion, e.g. multiple sclerosis |
 • Unwilling/unable to attend physiotherapy sessions |